JUSTICE, TRANSPARENCY, AND CARBON REDUCTION: A GLOBAL MEDIATION PERSPECTIVE

Abstract

This study explores how judicial effectiveness and access to information contribute to reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions globally. Using cross-country panel data with OLS regression and Structural Equation Modeling (SEM), the analysis shows that strong judicial systems enforce environmental laws effectively, while transparency enhances accountability and public participation, amplifying emission reductions. Economic growth, population, and trade increase emissions, whereas innovation mitigates them. The findings highlight the need to strengthen legal frameworks, improve information access, and promote innovation to meet climate goals. This research provides policy insights to enhance governance for better climate action and environmental outcomes.